To endorse a student pilot's logbook for solo flight, what must a flight instructor do?

To endorse a student pilot's logbook for solo flight, a flight instructor must have provided flight training in the specific make and model of the aircraft that the student intends to fly solo. This requirement ensures that the instructor has firsthand knowledge of the student's proficiency and familiarity with the operational characteristics of that particular aircraft. The instructor needs to confirm that the student not only understands the aircraft's systems and limitations but also demonstrates the necessary skills to operate it safely without the direct supervision of an instructor.

While the other options may be relevant to a flight training program, they do not fulfill the specific endorsement requirement. For instance, completing a formal written exam is not a prerequisite for solo flight endorsement; the focus is more on practical skills and training experience. Additionally, reviewing the student's medical records, although important for overall safety and compliance with FAA regulations, is not part of the endorsement process itself. Conducting a solo flight assessment might sound similar to the endorsement requirement, but it is the actual training in the aircraft type that is critical for granting the logbook endorsement.