Which factor is NOT included in the 5 P's of risk management?

The factor that is not included in the 5 P's of risk management is Policy. The 5 P's are a mnemonic that stands for Pilot, Passengers, Plane, Purpose, and Plan. Each of these elements plays a critical role in assessing and managing risk during flight.

Policy is not considered a direct factor in the operational risk management framework outlined by the 5 P's. Instead, the focus is primarily on the elements directly related to the flight itself and the decision-making process of the pilot. The pilot's competencies and condition are evaluated under the Pilot category, while Passengers concerns address the well-being of those onboard. The Plane refers to the aircraft's condition and capabilities, the Purpose involves the reason for the flight, and the Plan encompasses the route of flight and any contingencies.

Understanding these elements aids pilots in making informed decisions and enhances safety by considering all relevant aspects before and during flight operations.